Plant engineers caught in the global transition to Industry 4.0, many of whom may be stuck with a patchwork of legacy equipment and obsolete systems, can make the technical case for investment in Industry 4.0 upgrades when ROI (return on investment) is the focus. From a predictive maintenance perspective, Industry 4.0 concepts can reduce downtime for maintenance with real-time condition monitoring and precision operations control and significantly extend machine life-cycles while reducing energy costs. That should get the attention of any reluctant CFO, but there are many more benefits that come when a company embraces the Industrial Internet of Things. (IIoT)